Internal-combustion engine.



C. N. OUTERBRIDGE. INTERNAL COMBUSTGN ENGINE. APPLscAnoN FILED Nov.29,1915.

1,21 1,339. Patented Jan. 2, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Stmas-y C. N. OUTERBRIDGE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGIINI-I APPLISAHON FILED NOV.29| |915.

.7. u W. WW M Wu a mw mm vr n2 e ,v j@ a .W q A W now JQ u pm/ my x UNITED @TAMS PATENT OFFICE.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led November 29, 1915. Serial No. 64,056.

B e it known that 1 Crm1. N. OUTER- niuoor, a citizen of the United States, residingf :it Charlottesville, in the county of Albemarle and Stute of Virginia, have invented new and useful Improvements in lnterual-Coinbustion Engines, oi" which the followii'ig is n Sperilicntion.

This invention `elatcs to internnl combustion engines, tn'e broad object in View being to produce :vn engine of the class referred to which' will run with greater smoothness and therefore with better efficiency in the matter of power than the present day type of internal combustion engine. The particular object of the present invention is to provide an engine embodying what may be termed a headless cylinder or, in other words, :1 cylinder the outer end of '.whieh is entirely open, in conjunction with` a reeiprocatory piston working in said cylinder and connected to the. crank shaft by the usual connecting rod. the engine further embodying an internal stationary cylindriesl abutment around which the piston works, the explosive mixture being admitted to the interior of the piston und being exploded between the stntionary abutment and the inner wall of the piston head so as to drive the piston upwardly instead of downwardly as in the present day internal combustion engine, thereby exerting an upward pull' on the crank shaft in place of the present downward thrust on said crank shaft. In view of Such arrangement, the piston heed is kept cool and also the head of the abutment, the piston head being always in 'contact with the atmospheric temperature and the. head of the abutment being cooled by the wir contained in the crankcase. Thus the exigirle is maintained at a uniform temperature and therefore delivers uniform power, the final result being an engine of smoother running qualities produced by the inability of the parts to become overheated.

lVith the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction7 combination und arrangement of arts, as herein described, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings :-Fi re 1 is a sectional view of an internal com ustion engine taken diametrically of the cyl'- inder. Fig. is a view teken dia-metrically of the cylinder at right angles to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is :i cross section on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2,

Referring to the drawings A designates the crank case which is shown as comprising :i removable bottom section a by detaching which the bearing caps a' for the crank shaft bearings may be removed to allow the crank shaft, to be removed through the bottom of the crunk ense and also to enable access to be had to the crank shaft bearings and also the connecting rod bearings without dismounting the cylinders, pistons, valves, manifolds and ther parts, as now required.

vltfounted in fixed relation to the crank ease A is the cylinder B shown as formed with a Water jacket b and intake and exhaust ports b and b" with which communicate intake and exhaust pipes or manifolds C and D, respectively. A reciprocatory piston E Works back and forth within the cylinder B but is of less external diameter than the internal diameter' of the cylinder B in order to provide for a sleeve valve which is shown as comprising an inner tubular Section c and an outer tubular section c', seid sections being provided with inlet and outlet ports properly located1 with respect to the intake and exhaust ports of the cylinder and piston, said sleeve valves c and c' being operated by connectin rods d and e from a valve-actuating singt designated generally at F.

The piston E is of'tubular formation, is open at its inner end `and closed at its outer end by a. head G which is shown as carrying a. spark plug g. Within` the cylinder and piston there 1s arranged a stationary hollow cylindrical abutment H provided with a c osed head li. at the outer end thereof, the space between the heads G and h forming a combustion chamber l. The abutment H bears a fixed relation .to the crank case A and cylinder B and is rovided in the outer face thereof with packing rings h 'which work in Contact with the inner wall of the piston E. The abutment H is formed at diametrically opposite sides with longitudinal slots k in which works the wrist pin K of the connectin rod L attached to Vthe crank shaft M. he piston E is provided at diametrically opposite places with longitudinally extending slots e to allow for the admission of charges to the combustion chamber I and the escape of the burned gases through the exhaust ports of the valves und cylinder.

It will, of course, be understood that any Patented Jan. 2, 1917. Y

number of cylinders may be employed as found desirable and as indicated in Fig. .i and used in connection with a common crank oase in accordance with the presnt well known practice. In View of the 'fact that the outer end of the cylinder is open at all Limes, the piston head G is kept in a` cool condition and prevented from overheating and the saine -15 true of the head h of the sliationdiji ahinnmnl'` ll as the latter is always under the influent-e of the romparatively cool nir in the crank ruse A. This not only pri-.vents the engine from overheating but it Lendsto prevent 1h@ rapid nrcunnllation of rarlion. Furthermore, thc sleeve va l res radiate the heal` thorefroni both at their onter and inner endg thus; preventing them from becoming over-heated and binding. The valvesinay also he given additional lubrication whenever desired through lhe open end of the cylinder. By preventing the working parts of the engine from becoming overheatcil and maintaining said parts at n practically uniform temperature, an engine of greater ell'icency, more uniform power, and smoother runninr qualities is obtained.

Having thus described my invention,y I (a1-nim 1n an internal Combustion engine, tho combination of a crank case, a crank shaft journaled therein.I a cylinder having u lixed relation to the crank case and open at hoth ends. u stationary cylindrical abutment ha\`- ing a fixed relation to the. crank case closed at its outer und and open at its inner cnil, a tnhnlar piston \\'orkin.g in Said \'liInler :unl around Said rylinrl'rical ahutnn-nt :unl lia-fing its head exposed to the atmosphere, :nnl a connecting rod between Said pislon anrl crank shaft.

ln testimony whereof I nllix my signature in presence of Atwo witnesses.

CYRIL N. OUTllRBRlDGli. lliitnessmn: l

(l. l"rrz HUGH, lV. Dowxm'. 

